Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten - Wikipedia

Küstenverteidigungs- und Strafverfolgungsabteilung der Streitkräfte der Vereinigten Staaten

Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten
Emblem der Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten
Gegründet	28. Januar 1915 ( 1915-01-28 ) [1][Note 1]
Land	Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika
Typ	Küstenwache	Role	] Verteidigungsoperationen, Seevollzug und Such- und Rettungsdienste
Größe	Gesamtbelegschaft von 87.569 [2]
Teil von	of Homeland Security
Hauptquartier	Douglas A. Munro Hauptgebäude der Küstenwache, Washington, DC, USA
Spitzname (n)	"Coasties", [3] "The Guard", [3]
Motto (s)	Semper Paratus (Immer bereit)
Farben	CG-Rot, CG-Blau, Weiß [4] [1 9459016]
März	"Semper Paratus" Abspielen help info )
Jubiläen	4. August
Engagements
Dekorationen
Website	Offizielle Website
Commander-in -Chief		Präsident Donald Trump
Minister für Heimatschutz	Kirstjen Nielsen
Kommandant	ADM Karl L. Schultz
Stellvertretender Kommandant	ADM Charles W. Ray
ADM Charles W. Ray
Unteroffizier der Küstenwache	MCPOCG Jason M. Vanderhaden
Insignia
Standard		Ensign	[19456575] Fähnrich der United States Coast Guard.svg " src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Ensign_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/100px-Ensign_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Ensign_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/150px-Ensign_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Ensign_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/200px-Ensign_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="650"/>
Siegel	[19659009] Mark
Guidon
Pennant	US Coast Guard Inbetriebnahme Pennant.gif " src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/US_Coast_Guard_Commissioning_Pennant.gif/100px-US_Coast_Guard_Commissioning_Pennant.gif" decoding="async" width="100" height="38" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/US_Coast_Guard_Commissioning_Pennant.gif/150px-US_Coast_Guard_Commissioning_Pennant.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/US_Coast_Guard_Commissioning_Pennant.gif/200px-US_Coast_Guard_Commissioning_Pennant.gif 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="165"/>

Die United States Coast Guard ( USCG ) ist der Küstenverteidigungs- und Seevollzugsbehörde der United States Armed Forces ^[6] und einer der Lands sieben uniformierte Dienste. Die Küstenwache ist ein maritimer, militärischer und mehrseitiger Missionsdienst, der unter den US-Militärzweigen einzigartig ist, da er eine Mission zur Durchsetzung des Seeverkehrs (mit Zuständigkeit in nationalen und internationalen Gewässern) und eine Mission der US-amerikanischen Aufsichtsbehörde als Teil seiner Mission hat. Es ist während des Friedens unter dem US-amerikanischen Heimatschutzministerium tätig und kann jederzeit vom US-Präsidenten oder vom US-Kongress in Kriegszeiten an das US-amerikanische Marineministerium übertragen werden. Dies ist zweimal geschehen: 1917 während des Ersten Weltkriegs und 1941 während des Zweiten Weltkriegs. ^[7][8]

Vom Kongress am 4. August 1790 auf Ersuchen von Alexander Hamilton als Revenue Marine erbaut ist der älteste fortlaufende Seeverkehrsdienst der Vereinigten Staaten. ^{[Note 2]} Als Finanzminister führte Hamilton die Revenue Marine an, deren ursprünglicher Zweck darin bestand, Zölle in den Seehäfen der Nation zu erheben. In den 1860er Jahren war der Dienst als US Revenue Cutter Service bekannt und der Begriff Revenue Marine wurde nach und nach nicht mehr verwendet. ^[9]

Die moderne Küstenwache wurde durch die Fusion des Revenue Cutter Service und des US Life Saving Service am 28. Juni gebildet Januar 1915 unter dem US-Finanzministerium. Als einer der fünf bewaffneten Dienste des Landes war die Küstenwache von 1790 bis zum Irak-Krieg und Krieg in Afghanistan an jedem US-amerikanischen Krieg beteiligt. ^[10][11]

Die Küstenwache hat 40.992 aktive Männer und Frauen, 7.000 Reservisten, 31.000 Auxiliaristen und 8.577 zivile Vollzeitbeschäftigte für eine Gesamtbelegschaft von 87.569. ^[2] Die Küstenwache unterhält eine umfangreiche Flotte von 243 Küsten- und Hochsee-Patrouillenschiffen, Tender, Schleppern und Eisbrechern, die als "Kutter" bezeichnet werden, und 1650 kleiner Boote sowie eine umfangreiche Luftfahrtabteilung bestehend aus 201 Hubschraubern und Flächenflugzeugen. ^[12] Während die US-Küstenwache die kleinste der US-amerikanischen Militärdienstzweige ist, ist die US-Küstenwache die Welt 12. größte Seestreitmacht. ^[13][14]

Mission [ edit ]

Rolle [ edit ] [19]

Ein Bootsmanns Kamerad beobachtet von der seitlichen Porttür aus der Küstenwache-Schneider Bertholf Das Over-The-Horizon-Kleinboot fährt ab, um Personal vom Coast Guard Cutter Chandeleur im Jahr 2008 zu erhalten.

Die Coast Guard führt drei grundlegende Rollen aus, die in elf gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Missionen unterteilt sind. Die drei Rollen sind:

Mit einer dezentralen Organisation und einer großen Verantwortung, die auch den jüngsten Mitarbeitern übertragen wird, wird die Küstenwache häufig für ihre schnelle Reaktion und Anpassungsfähigkeit in einer Vielzahl von Notfällen gelobt. In einem Artikel von 2005 in der Zeitschrift nach dem Hurrikan Katrina schrieb der Autor: "Der wertvollste Beitrag der Küstenwache zu [a military effort when catastrophe hits] kann als ein Modell der Flexibilität und vor allem des Geistes dienen." Wil Milam, ein Rettungsschwimmer aus Alaska, sagte der Zeitschrift: "In der Marine ging es um die Mission. Für den Krieg üben, für den Krieg trainieren. In der Küstenwache kümmern wir uns um unsere Leute und die Mission wird es übernehmen kümmern sich um sich selbst. "^[15]

Missionen [ edit ]

Dies ist eine Demonstration von Warnschüssen, die von einem USCG HITRON MH-65C und seinem M240-Maschinengewehr auf ein nicht konformes Boot abgefeuert werden

Die elf gesetzlich definierten Missionen sind in nationale und ausländische Missionen unterteilt: ^[16]

Missionen außerhalb der Heimat [ edit

Homeland Security Missionen [ edit ]

Suche und Rettung [ edit ]

Such- und Rettungsprogramm Logo der Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten.

See Nationales Such- und Rettungskomitee ^[17]

Siehe Joint Rescue Coordination Centers

während die US-Küstenwache Search and Rescue (CG-SAR ) ist nicht die älteste Such- und Rettungsorganisation der Welt, sondern eine der bekanntesten Operationen der Küstenwache. ^[18] Der nationale Such- und Rettungsplan benennt die Küstenwache als zuständige Bundesbehörde maritime SAR-Operationen und die US-Luftwaffe als für die Inland-SAR zuständige Bundesbehörde. ^[19] Beide Agenturen unterhalten Koordinierungszentren für die Rettung, um diese Bemühungen zu koordinieren, und sind sowohl für die militärische als auch für die zivile Suche und Rettung verantwortlich. ^[20] Die beiden Services stellen gemeinsam Ausbilder für die nationale Such- und Rettungsschule zur Verfügung, die SAR-Missionsplaner und -koordinatoren ausbildet. Früher auf Governors Island in New York gelegen, befindet sich die Schule jetzt im Coast Guard Training Center Yorktown in Yorktown, Virginia.

National Response Center [ edit ]

Das National Response Center (NRC) wird von der Küstenwache betrieben und ist die einzige Anlaufstelle der US-Regierung für die Meldung sämtlicher Öl-, Chemie- und Radiowaffen , biologische und ätiologische Verschüttungen und Ableitungen in die Umwelt, überall in den Vereinigten Staaten und ihren Territorien. ^[21] Zusätzlich zum Sammeln und Verteilen von Informationen zu Verschüttungen / Ereignissen für Federal On Scene Coordinators und als Kommunikations- und Operationszentrum für das National Im Reaktionsteam unterhält das NRC Vereinbarungen mit einer Reihe von Bundesbehörden, um zusätzliche Benachrichtigungen über Vorfälle zu erstellen, die die festgelegten Auslösekriterien erfüllen. Der NRC erstellt auch Berichte über verdächtige Aktivitäten im Seeverkehr und Sicherheitsverstöße. Einzelheiten zur NRC-Organisation und zu den spezifischen Verantwortlichkeiten sind im Nationalen Notfallplan für die Verschmutzung durch Erdöl und gefährliche Stoffe enthalten. ^[22] Das Datenbanksystem Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) wird von der Küstenwache zur Überwachung der Verschmutzung und zur Überwachung der Umweltverschmutzung verwendet Sicherheitsvorfälle in den Häfen der Nation.

National Maritime Center [ edit ]

Das National Maritime Center (NMC) ist die für die USCG unter der Schirmherrschaft der Heimatschutzbehörde zuständige Handelsmarine. Um ein sicheres und umweltverträgliches Seetransportsystem zu gewährleisten, besteht die Mission des NMC darin, qualifizierten Seefahrern in der Seerechtshoheit der Vereinigten Staaten die Bescheinigung auszustellen. ^[23]

Behörde als Militärdienst [ edit ]

Die fünf uniformierten Dienste der US-Streitkräfte sind in Titel 10 des US-Codes definiert:

Der Begriff "Streitkräfte" bedeutet Armee, Marine, Luftwaffe, Marine Corps und Küstenwache. ^[24]

Die Küstenwache wird in Titel 14 des Code der Vereinigten Staaten näher definiert:

Die Küstenwache, wie sie am 28. Januar 1915 gegründet wurde, ist zu jeder Zeit ein Militärdienst und ein Zweig der Streitkräfte der Vereinigten Staaten. Die Küstenwache ist ein Dienst in der Abteilung für Heimatschutz, außer wenn sie als Dienst in der Marine tätig ist. ^[25]

Die Organisation und der Betrieb der Küstenwache ist in Titel 33 des Code of Federal Regulations festgelegt.

Am 25. November 2002 wurde das Homeland Security Act von US-Präsident George W. Bush unterzeichnet und benannte die Küstenwache, die dem US-amerikanischen Heimatschutzministerium unterstellt werden soll. Die Übertragung der Verwaltungskontrolle vom US-Verkehrsministerium auf das US-amerikanische Heimatschutzministerium wurde am 1. März 2003 abgeschlossen. ^{[26] [27] [28]}

Die US-Küstenwache berichtet direkt an den Minister für Heimatschutz. Unter 14 USC. § 3 in der durch Abschnitt 211 des Gesetzes über die Küstenwache und den Seeverkehr von 2006 geänderten Fassung, auf Kriegserklärung und wenn der Kongress dies in der Erklärung anordnet, oder wenn der Präsident dies anordnet, dient die Küstenwache dem Verteidigungsministerium als Dienst in der Abteilung der Marine.

Küstenwächter, die im aktiven Dienst und im Reservedienst tätig sind, unterliegen als Militärangehörige dem Uniform Code of Military Justice und erhalten das gleiche Entgelt und die gleichen Zulagen wie Mitglieder derselben Besoldungsgruppe in den anderen uniformierten Diensten.

Der Dienst hat an allen großen US-Konflikten von 1790 bis heute teilgenommen, einschließlich Landungstruppen am D-Day und auf den Pazifikinseln im Zweiten Weltkrieg, an ausgedehnten Patrouillen und Küstenbombardements während des Vietnamkrieges sowie mehreren Funktionen in Operation Irakische Freiheit. In den jüngsten Konflikten im Irak haben maritime Interception-Operationen, Küsten-, Transport- und Strafverfolgungskommandos ihre Hauptrollen gespielt.

Am 17. Oktober 2007 verabschiedete die Küstenwache gemeinsam mit der US Navy und dem US Marine Corps eine neue Seestrategie mit dem Namen Eine kooperative Strategie für das 21. Jahrhundert Seapower die den Begriff der Kriegsverhütung auf den Krieg brachte die gleiche philosophische Ebene wie die Kriegsführung. ^[29] Diese neue Strategie legt den Weg für die Marine, die Küstenwache und das Marine Corps fest, um gemeinsam mit internationalen Partnern zusammenzuarbeiten, um das Auftreten von von Menschen verursachten oder natürlichen Krisen zu verhindern. oder sollten Sie schnell reagieren, um negative Auswirkungen auf die Vereinigten Staaten zu vermeiden. Anlässlich des Starts der neuen US-amerikanischen Seestrategie auf dem Internationalen Seapower-Symposium am US Naval War College im Jahr 2007 sagte der Kommandant der Küstenwache, Admiral Thad Allen, dass die neue Seestrategie die seit Jahren in den Vereinigten Staaten durchgeführten Missionen verstärkt 1790. "Sie stärkt die maritime Strategie der Küstenwache der Sicherheit, der Sicherheit und des Stewardship. Sie spiegelt nicht nur die weltweite Reichweite unserer maritimen Dienstleistungen wider, sondern auch die Notwendigkeit, mit unserer Koalition und internationalen Partnern zusammenzuarbeiten, um nicht nur Kriege zu gewinnen. .. aber um Kriege zu verhindern ", sagte Allen. ^[29]

Behörde als Strafverfolgungsbehörde [ edit ]

Ein Mitglied der USCG-Strafverfolgungsabteilung (LEDET) 106 führt einen Sicherheits-Sweep durch an Bord eines Tankschiffs im nördlichen Persischen Golf im Juli 2007.

Coast Guardmen bewacht über 40.000 Pfund Kokain im Wert von geschätzten 500 Millionen US-Dollar, die im April vom Cutter Sherman abgeladen wurden Die Medikamente wurden in drei separaten Büsten in der Nähe von Mittelamerika sichergestellt. Die Auslagerung umfasste ungefähr 38.000 Pfund Kokain, das in der größten Kokainbüste der maritimen Geschichte beschlagnahmt wurde.

Titel 14 USC, Abschnitt 2, ermächtigt die Küstenwache zur Durchsetzung der US-Bundesgesetze. ^[30] Diese Behörde ist in 14 USC näher definiert. § 89, der den Vollzugsbeamten, Befehlshabern und Unteroffizieren der Küstenwache Vollstreckungsbefugnisse verleiht. ^[31] Im Gegensatz zu den anderen Abteilungen der US-Streitkräfte, die von 18 USC daran gehindert werden, in Strafverfolgungsfunktion zu handeln. Nach § 1385 des Posse Comitatus Act und der Abteilung für Verteidigungspolitik ist die Küstenwache von den Beschränkungen des Posse Comitatus Act ausgenommen und unterliegt diesen nicht. ^[32]

Weitere Strafverfolgungsbehörde ist gegeben von 14 USC § 143 und 9 USC. § 1401, der die US-Küstenwache als aktive und Reserve beauftragte Offiziere, Haftbefehlshaber und Unteroffiziere als Bundeszollbehörden befähigt. ^[33][34] Dies unterstellt ihnen 19 USC. § 1589a, der den Zollbeamten die allgemeine Strafverfolgungsbehörde des Bundes einschließlich der Behörde gewährt:

(1) eine Waffe tragen,
(2) alle Anweisungen, Anweisungen, Vorladungen, Vorladungen oder sonstigen Verfahren, die unter der Aufsicht der Vereinigten Staaten ausgestellt wurden, ausführen und ausüben;
(3) eine Festnahme ohne durchführen einen Haftbefehl gegen die Vereinigten Staaten, der in Anwesenheit des Beamten begangen wurde, oder für ein Verbrechen, das nach den Gesetzen der Vereinigten Staaten, die außerhalb des Amtes des Offiziers begangen wurden, erkennbar ist, wenn der Offizier Grund zu der Annahme hat, dass die festgenommene Person begangen wurde oder ist ein Verbrechen begehen; und
(4) eine andere Strafverfolgungsaufgabe ausüben, die der Minister für Heimatschutz bestimmen kann.

- 19 USC §1589a. Vollstreckungsbehörde von Zollbeamten ^[35]

Das US-Amt für Rechenschaftspflicht der US-Regierung hat dem Repräsentantenhaus, dem Justizausschuss, über die Erhebung der zivilen Strafverfolgungsbehörden und -behörden des Bundes von 2006 berichtet, dass die Küstenwache als eine von 104 bundesstaatlichen Stellen, die das Gesetz beschäftigten, benannt wurde Vollzugsbeamte. ^[36] Der Bericht enthielt auch eine Übersichtstabelle der Behörden der 192 Sonderbeauftragten der Küstenwache und 3.780 Seevollzugsbeamten. ^[37]

Coast Guardsmen haben die rechtliche Befugnis dazu Tragen Sie ihre Dienstwaffen auf und abseits der Basis. Dies wird jedoch in der Praxis selten getan; An vielen Stationen der Küstenwache bevorzugen Kommandanten, dass alle Dienstwaffen in Waffenbeständen aufbewahrt werden, wenn sie nicht benutzt werden. Ein Gericht hat jedoch entschieden, dass die Boarding-Offiziere der Küstenwache qualifizierte Polizeibeamte sind, die befugt sind, persönliche Schusswaffen zur Selbstverteidigung zu tragen. ^[38]

Ein typischer Tag [ ]

Küstenwächter bereiten sich vor, eine tragbare Pumpe zu dem 112 Fuß großen, ortsfesten Fischereifahrzeug Mar-Gun, 7. März 2009, zu transportieren.

Die Küstenwache veröffentlicht gelegentlich eine Liste von Statistiken, die ihre Aktivitäten zusammenfasst. Basierend auf Statistiken von 2013 wird die Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten an einem durchschnittlichen Tag: ^[39]

• 109 Such- und Rettungsfälle durchführen


• 10 Leben retten


• 192 Menschen in Not helfen


• schützen US $ ] 2,8 Millionen in Eigentum


• Besetzen Sie 77 kg Marihuana und 139 kg Kokain mit einem Straßenwert von US $ 9,5 Millionen


• . Verarbeiten Sie 238 Seelizenzen und Dokumente


• Untersuchen Sie 6 Schiffsopfer mit Kollisionen oder Erdungen.


• Führen Sie kleine Boote für 396 Einsätze / Missionen aus.


• Fliegen Sie mit 164 Flugzeugmissionen und legen Sie 324 Stunden fest.


• Bord 144 Schiffe mit Interesse an Strafverfolgungsbehörden


• Verbot und Rettung 14 illegale Einwanderer auf See


• 8 neue Fälle wegen Verstoßes gegen die Bundesgesetze durch Schiffe eröffnet


• 100 große Schiffe für die Sicherheitskontrollen in Häfen


• Durchführung von 20 Sicherheitsuntersuchungen von 20 kommerziellen Fischereifahrzeugen


• 2.800 US gal (11,000 l)


• Service 135 hilft bei der Navigation


• Überwachen Sie die Durchfahrt von 2.509 kommerziellen Schiffen durch US-Häfen


• Führen Sie 377 Schiffssicherheitsprüfungen durch


• Unterrichten Sie Bootssicherheitskurse für 550 Bootsfahrer

. 19659070] [ edit ]

Marine Corps Privates erster Klasse William A. McCoy und Ralph L. Plunkett halten ein Schild, das der Küstenwache nach der Schlacht von Guam im Jahr 1944 dankt. ^[40]

Die Küstenwache verfolgt Seine Wurzeln liegen in der kleinen Flotte von Schiffen, die das US-Finanzministerium ab den 1790er Jahren unterhielt, um Zölle (eine wichtige Einnahmequelle für die neue Nation) zu erzwingen, aus denen sich schließlich der United States Revenue Cutter Service entwickelte. Finanzminister Alexander Hamilton setzte sich für den Kongress ein, um den Bau von zehn Cutters zu finanzieren, was am 4. August 1790 (heute als offizieller Geburtstag der Küstenwache gefeiert) geschehen war. Bis zur Wiedererrichtung der Marine im Jahre 1798 waren diese "Einnahmequellen" die einzigen Seestreitkräfte der frühen Vereinigten Staaten. Daher übernahmen die Cutter und ihre Besatzungen häufig zusätzliche Aufgaben, darunter die Bekämpfung der Piraterie, die Rettung von Seeleuten in Not, das Transportieren von Regierungsbeamten und sogar das Befördern von Briefen. ^[41]

Die moderne Küstenwache wurde gegründet 1915, als der Revenue Cutter Service mit dem US-Rettungsdienst verschmolz. ^[42] 1939 wurde der Lighthouse Service in den Zuständigkeitsbereich der Küstenwache gestellt. 1942 wurde das Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation an die Küstenwache verlegt. ^[43]
1967 wechselte die Küstenwache vom US-Finanzministerium in das neu gegründete US-Verkehrsministerium, eine Regelung, die bis dahin dauerte 2003 unter dem US-amerikanischen Heimatschutzministerium als Teil einer Gesetzgebung, die die amerikanischen Interessen nach den Terroranschlägen vom 11. September 2001 effizienter schützen soll.

In Kriegszeiten kann die Küstenwache oder einzelne Bestandteile davon als Dienst der Marine dienen. Diese Anordnung hat eine breite historische Basis, da die Küstenwache in so unterschiedliche Kriege wie den Krieg von 1812, den mexikanisch-amerikanischen Krieg und den amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg verwickelt war, in dem der Fräser Harriet Lane geschossen hat Die ersten Flottenschüsse versuchten, das belagerte Fort Sumter zu entlasten. Das letzte Mal, dass die Küstenwache als Ganzes innerhalb der Marine operierte, war im Zweiten Weltkrieg.

Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten Eine Einheit der Zeit des Vietnamkriegs

Die Küstenwache Staffel 1 war eine Kampfeinheit, die 1965 von der Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten für den Einsatz während des Vietnamkrieges gebildet wurde. Der operativen Kontrolle der United States Navy unterstellt, wurden ihr in Operation Market Time Aufgaben zugewiesen. Seine Gründung markierte zum ersten Mal seit dem Zweiten Weltkrieg, dass Personal der Küstenwache in einer Kampfumgebung intensiv eingesetzt wurde. Das Geschwader betrieb in drei getrennten Bereichen Divisionen zwischen 1965 und 1970. Sechsundzwanzig Cutter der Besatzungsklasse mit ihren Besatzungen und ein Staffelstab wurden der US-Navy mit der Mission zugewiesen, die Bewegung der Waffen und Vorräte der Streitkräfte zu verbieten Südchinesisches Meer in Südvietnam von Viet Cong und Junk-Vietnam-Trödler- und Trawlerbetreibern. Das Geschwader versorgte auch nahe gelegene befreundete Einheiten, die entlang der südvietnamesischen Küste operierten, mit 81-mm-Mörsern, die die US-Marine während der Operation Sealords unterstützten.

Coast Guard Squadron Three war eine von der Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten im Jahre 1967 für den Einsatz im Vietnamkrieg gebildete Kampfeinheit. ^[44] Unter der operativen Kontrolle der United States Navy in Pearl Harbor stationiert. Es bestand aus fünf USCG High Endurance Cutters, die in sechsmonatigen Umläufen eingesetzt wurden. Von Mai 1967 bis Dezember 1971 waren insgesamt 35 High Endurance Cutters im Einsatz, vor allem mit ihren 5-Zoll-Geschützen zur Unterstützung von Marine-Schusswaffen.

Häufig werden Einheiten innerhalb der Küstenwache unter operativer Kontrolle der Marine eingesetzt, während andere Einheiten der Küstenwache der Abteilung für Heimatschutz unterstehen.

Organisation [ edit ]

Der neue Hauptquartierkomplex der Abteilung für Heimatschutz befindet sich auf dem Gelände des ehemaligen St. Elizabeths Hospital im Anacostia-Viertel im Südosten von Washington, gegenüber dem Anacostia River aus dem früheren Hauptquartier der Küstenwache. ^[45]

Der Haushaltsjahrantrag 2016 für die US-Küstenwache belief sich auf 9,96 Milliarden US-Dollar. ^[46]

Distrikte und Einheiten [ edit ]

Die derzeitige Distriktorganisation der Küstenwache ist in 9 Distrikte unterteilt. Ihre Bezeichnungen, Bezirksamt und Verantwortungsbereich lauten wie folgt:

US. Küstenwache-Distrikte

Bezirk	Bereich	Bezirksamt	Verantwortungsbereich	Hinweis
Erster Bezirk	Atlantik	Boston, Massachusetts	Neuengland, östliches New York und nördliches New Jersey	1
Fünfter Bezirk	Atlantik	Portsmouth, Virginia	Pennsylvania, Südnew Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia und North Carolina	5
Seventh District	Atlantic	Miami, Florida	South Carolina, Georgia, Ostflorida, Puerto Rico, und die US-amerikanischen Jungferninseln	7
Achter Bezirk	Atlantic	New Orleans, Louisiana	Western Rivers der USA und des Golfs von Mexiko	8
Ninth District	Atlantic	Cleveland, Ohio	Große Seen	9
Elfter District	Pacific	Alameda, Kalifornien	Kalifornien, Arizona, Nevada und Utah	11
Dreizehnter Bezirk	Pazifik	Seattle, Washington	Oregon, Washington, Idaho und Montana	13
Vierzehnter Bezirk	Pacific	Honolulu, Hawaii	Hawaii und die pazifischen Gebiete	14
Seventeenth District	Pacific	Juneau, Alaska	Alaska	17

Ufereinrichtungen [ edit ]

Das Douglas A. Munro-Hauptquartier der Küstenwache im St. Elizabeths West Campus.

Es gibt Befehle zur Einrichtung der Uferbefestigung, um die Mission der UBS zu unterstützen und zu erleichtern See- und Luftanlagen sowie Küstenschutz. Der Hauptsitz der US-Küstenwache befindet sich im Südosten von Washington, DC. Andere Küsteneinrichtungen sind Küstenwache-Sektoren (dazu gehören auch Küstenwache-Stützpunkte), Küstenwache-Stationen, Küstenwache-Luftstationen und das US-amerikanische Küstenwache. Zu den Schulungszentren zählen die Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten, das Schulungszentrum Petaluma, das Schulungszentrum in Cape May, das technische Schulungszentrum für die Küstenwache der Luftfahrt, das Luftfahrt-Ausbildungszentrum für die Küstenwache und das Schulungszentrum Yorktown.

Personal [ edit ]

Die Küstenwache hat 40.992 Männer und Frauen im aktiven Dienst. ^[2] Der offizielle Name für ein uniformiertes Mitglied der Küstenwache ist "Coast Guardsman". unabhängig vom Geschlecht. "Coastie" ist ein informeller Begriff, der gewöhnlich für gegenwärtiges oder ehemaliges Personal der Küstenwache verwendet wird. Im Jahr 2008 wurde der Begriff "Guardian" als Alternative eingeführt, später jedoch aufgehoben. Admiral Robert J. Papp, Jr. erklärte, es sei seiner Überzeugung nach, dass kein Kommandant die Befugnis hatte, das zu ändern, was als Mitglieder der Küstenwache bezeichnet wird, da der Begriff Coast Guardsman in Titel 14 USC zu finden ist, der 1915 die Küstenwache gründete. 19659230] "Team Coast Guard" bezieht sich auf die vier Bestandteile der Küstenwache als Ganzes: reguläre, Reserve, Hilfskräfte und zivile Angestellte der Küstenwache.

Unteroffizierte Offiziere [ edit ]

Unteroffizierte Offiziere in der Küstenwache haben Gehaltsstufen von O-1 bis O-10 und haben die gleiche Rangordnung wie die Marine. ^[49][50] ] Offiziere, die den Rang eines Fähnrichs (O-1) durch Lieutenant Commander (O-4) innehaben, werden als Unteroffiziere, Befehlshaber (O-5) und Kapitäne (O-6) als höhere Offiziere und Hinteradmirale (O-7) angesehen ) durch Admirale (O-10) gelten als Flaggoffiziere. Der Kommandant der Küstenwache und der Vizekommandant der Küstenwache sind die einzigen Mitglieder der Küstenwache, die befugt sind, den Rang eines Admirals zu besitzen. ^[51]

Die Küstenwache hat keine medizinischen Bediensteten oder Seelsorger. Stattdessen werden Kapläne der US-Marine sowie Offiziere des US-amerikanischen Beauftragten für den öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst der Küstenwache zugeteilt, um Funktionen im Zusammenhang mit Kaplanen und medizinisch verwandte Funktionen auszuführen. Diese Offiziere tragen Uniformen der Küstenwache, ersetzen jedoch die Insignien der Küstenwache durch die ihres eigenen Dienstes. ^[52]

Die Marine und die Küstenwache teilen sich identische Offiziersabzeichen mit der Ausnahme, dass die Offiziere der Küstenwache eine Goldküste tragen Guard Shield anstelle eines Line-Star- oder Stabsoffiziers.

Warrant Officers [ edit ]

Insignien der einundzwanzig verschiedenen Warrant Officer-Spezialitäten innerhalb der USCG

Hochqualifiziertes Personal in den Besoldungsgruppen E-6 bis E-9 Mit mindestens acht Jahren Erfahrung kann jedes Jahr um Ernennung als Warrant Officer (WO) konkurrieren. Erfolgreiche Kandidaten werden von einem Vorstand ausgewählt und dann als Chief Warrant Officer (CWO2) in einem von einundzwanzig Spezialitäten bestellt. Im Laufe der Zeit können Chief Warrant Officers zu CWO3 und CWO4 befördert werden. Die Reihen von Warrant Officer (WO1) und Chief Warrant Officer Five (CWO5) werden derzeit in der Küstenwache nicht verwendet. Chief Warrant Officer können sich auch um den Chief Warrant Officer des Lieutenant Program bewerben. Wenn ausgewählt, wird der Haftbefehlshaber zum Leutnant (O-3E) befördert. Das "E" benennt einen aktiven Dienst von über vier Jahren als Haftbefehlsbeamter oder als Mitglied der Mitgliedschaft und berechtigt das Mitglied zu einem höheren Lohn als andere Leutnants.

Warrant Officer-Struktur der Küstenwache der Vereinigten Staaten

Chief Warrant Officer 2	Chief Warrant Officer 3	Chief Warrant Officer 4
CWO-2	CWO-3	CWO-4

Eingetragenes Personal [ edit

Eingetragene Mitglieder der Küstenwache haben Gehaltslisten von E-1 bis E-9 und folgen der gleichen Rangstruktur wie die Marine. Eingeschriebene Mitglieder mit Gehaltsstufen von E-4 und höher gelten als Unteroffiziere und verfolgen einen Entwicklungspfad, der dem der Unteroffiziere der Marine sehr ähnlich ist.

Unteroffiziere in der Besoldungsgruppe E-7 und höher sind die obersten Unteroffiziere und müssen die Küstenunterstützungs-Akademie der Küstenwache oder eine gleichwertige Abteilung des Verteidigungsministeriums besuchen, um zur Besoldungsgruppe befördert zu werden E-8. Die grundlegenden Themen der Schule sind:

• Professionalität


• Führung


• Kommunikation


• Systemdenken und lebenslanges Lernen

Insignien der Ranglisten sind ebenfalls fast identisch mit Insignien der Marine. Das Schild der Küstenwache ersetzt den Adler des Unteroffiziers an Kragen- und Mützenvorrichtungen für Unteroffiziere oder beauftragte Bewertungsinsignien für Seeleute, die als "ausgewiesener Stürmer" qualifiziert sind. Gruppenbenennungsmarken (Streifen) für Junior-Mitglieder (E-3 und darunter) folgen ebenfalls der Navy-Konvention mit Weiß für Seemann, Rot für Feuerwehrmann und Grün für den Flieger. Abweichend von den Navy-Konventionen tragen alle Unteroffiziere E-6 und darunter rote Sparren, und alle obersten Offiziere tragen Gold

Ausbildung [ edit ]

Ausbildung von Offizieren [ edit ]

Die US Coast Guard Academy ist eine vierjährige Dienstakademie in New London, Connecticut. Ungefähr 200 Kadetten absolvieren jedes Jahr einen Abschluss und erhalten einen Bachelor of Science-Abschluss und einen Auftrag als Fähnrich in der Küstenwache. Die Absolventen sind verpflichtet, mindestens fünf Jahre im aktiven Dienst zu arbeiten. Die meisten Absolventen werden unmittelbar nach ihrem Abschluss an Bord der Coast Guard Cutter eingesetzt, entweder als Deck Watch Officers (DWOs) oder als Engineer Officers in Training (EOITs). Kleinere Nummern werden direkt dem Flugtraining in der Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida, oder dem Landdienst an den Einheiten der Küstenwache, dem Distrikt oder der Region zugewiesen.

Zusätzlich zur Akademie können angehende Offiziere, die bereits einen Hochschulabschluss besitzen, die Coast Guard über die Officer Candidate School (OCS) betreten, die ebenfalls an der Coast Guard Academy angesiedelt ist. OCS ist ein 17-wöchiger Schulungskurs, der die Kandidaten darauf vorbereitet, effektiv als Offiziere der Küstenwache zu dienen. Neben der Indoktrinierung von Schülern für einen militärischen Lebensstil bietet OCS ein breites Spektrum an hochtechnischen Informationen, die zur Erfüllung der Aufgaben eines Offiziers der Küstenwache erforderlich sind.

OCS-Absolventen werden in der Regel als Fähnrichs in Auftrag gegeben, einige mit fortgeschrittenem Abitur können jedoch als Leutnants (Junior Grade) oder Leutnants eintreten. OCS-Offiziere, die in den aktiven Dienst eintreten, müssen mindestens drei Jahre im Amt sein, während Reserve-Offiziere vier Jahre tätig sein müssen. Die Absolventen können einem Fräser, einer Flugschulung, einem Mitarbeiterjob oder einem Betrieb an Land zugewiesen werden.

OCS ist der Hauptkanal, durch den die eingegangenen Klassen der Küstenwache zum beauftragten Offizierskorps aufsteigen.

Anwälte, Ingenieure, Geheimdienstler und Militärflieger, die Kommissionen in anderen Zweigen der US-Streitkräfte anhalten, um einen Transferservice zur Küstenwache, Absolventen von Seefahrtsakademien und bestimmte andere Personen verlangen, erhalten möglicherweise auch eine Offizierkommission in der Küstenwache des Direktkommissionsoffiziers (DCO). Depending on the specific program and the background of the individual, the course is three, four or five weeks long. The first week of the five-week course is an indoctrination week. The DCO program is designed to commission officers with highly specialized professional training or certain kinds of previous military experience.

Unlike the other military services, the Coast Guard does not have a Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) program.

Recruit training[edit]

Newly enlisted personnel are sent to eight weeks of recruit training at Coast Guard Training Center Cape May in Cape May, New Jersey. New recruits arrive at Sexton Hall and remain there for three days of initial processing which includes haircuts, vaccinations, uniform issue, and other necessary entrance procedures. During this initial processing period, the new recruits are led by temporary company commanders. These temporary company commanders are tasked with teaching the new recruits how to march and preparing them to enter into their designated company. The temporary company commanders typically do not enforce any physical activity such as push ups or crunches. When the initial processing is complete, the new seaman recruits are introduced to their permanent company commanders who will remain with them until the end of training. There is typically a designated lead company commander and two support company commanders. The balance of the eight-week boot camp is spent in learning teamwork and developing physical skills. An introduction of how the Coast Guard operates with special emphasis on the Coast Guard's core values is an important part of the training.

The current nine Recruit Training Objectives are:

Service schools[edit]

Following graduation from recruit training, most members are sent to their first unit while they await orders to attend advanced training in Class "A" Schools. At "A" schools, Coast Guard enlisted personnel are trained in their chosen rating; rating is a Coast Guard and Navy term for enlisted skills synonymous with the Army's and Marine Corps' military occupation codes (MOS) and Air Force's Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC). Members who earned high ASVAB scores or who were otherwise guaranteed an "A" School of choice while enlisting may go directly to their "A" School upon graduation from Boot Camp.

Civilian personnel[edit]

The Coast Guard employs over 8,577 civilians in over two hundred different job types including Coast Guard Investigative Service special agents, lawyers, engineers, technicians, administrative personnel, tradesmen, and federal firefighters.^[2][53] Civilian employees work at various levels in the Coast Guard to support its various missions.

Equipment[edit]

Cutters[edit]

The Coast Guard operates 243 Cutters,^[12] defined as any vessel more than 65 feet (20 m) long, that has a permanently assigned crew and accommodations for the extended support of that crew.^[54]

• National Security Cutter (WMSL): Also known as the "Legend"-class, these are the Coast Guard's latest class of 418-foot (127 m) military defense maritime ship. At 418 ft. these are the largest USCG military cutters in active service. One-for-one Legend-class ships are replacing individually decommissioned 1960s Hamilton-class high endurance cutters. A total of eight were authorized and budgeted; as of 2015 three are in service, and three are under construction. In 2016 a ninth National Security Cutter was authorized by Congress.

• High Endurance Cutter (WHEC): The 378-foot (115 m) Hamilton-class cutters were commissioned in the late 1960s. Missions include law enforcement, search and rescue, and military defense. This aged class of 12 are being individually decommissioned and replaced on a one-for one basis by the new Legend-class National Security Cutters.


• Medium Endurance Cutter (WMEC): These are mostly the 210-foot (64 m) Reliance-class, and the 270-foot (82 m) Famous-class cutters, although the 283-foot (86 m) Alex Haley also falls into this category. Primary missions are law enforcement, search and rescue, and military defense.


• Polar-class icebreaker (WAGB): There are three WAGB's used for icebreaking and research though only two, the heavy 399-foot (122 m) Polar Star and the newer medium class 420-foot (130 m) Healyare active.^{[55][56][57][58]}Polar Sea is located in Seattle, Washington but is not currently in active service. The icebreakers are being replaced with new heavy icebreakers under the Polar icebreaker program.


• USCGC Mackinaw: A 240-foot (73 m) heavy icebreaker built for operations on the Great Lakes.


• USCGC Eagle: A 295-foot (90 m) sailing barque used as a training ship for Coast Guard Academy cadets and Coast Guard officer candidates. She was originally built in Germany as Horst Wesseland was seized by the United States as a prize of war in 1945.^[59][60]


• Seagoing Buoy Tender (WLB): These 225-foot (69 m) ships are used to maintain aids to navigation and also assist with law enforcement and search and rescue.


• Coastal Buoy Tender (WLM): The 175-foot (53 m) Keeper-class coastal buoy tenders are used to maintain coastal aids to navigation.

• Sentinel-class cutter (WPC): The 154-foot (47 m) Sentinel-class, also known by its program name, the "Fast Response Cutter"-class and is used for search and rescue work and law enforcement.


• Bay-class icebreaking tug (WTGB): 140-foot (43 m) icebreakers used primarily for domestic icebreaking missions. Other missions include search and rescue, law enforcement, and aids to navigation maintenance.^[61]

Boats[edit]

A U.S. Coast Guard 45-foot (14 m) Response Boat Medium (RB-M)

A U.S. Coast Guard 25-foot (8 m) Defender Class Response Boat – Small (RB-S)

The Coast Guard operates about 1,650 boats,^[12] defined as any vessel less than 65 feet (20 m) long, which generally operate near shore and on inland waterways.

The Coast Guard boat fleet includes:

• Motor Lifeboat (MLB): The Coast Guard's 47-foot (14 m) primary heavy-weather boat used for search and rescue as well as law enforcement and homeland security.


• Response Boat – Medium (RB-M): A new multi-mission 45-foot (14 m) vessel intended to replace the 41-foot (12 m) utility boat. 170 planned


• Special Purpose Craft – Near Shore Lifeboat: Only 2 built. Shallow draft, 42-foot (13 m) lifeboat substituted for the 47-foot (14 m) Motor Life Boat, based at Chatham, Massachusetts^[64]


• Deployable Pursuit Boat (DPB): A 38-foot (12 m) launch capable of pursuing fast cocaine smuggling craft.


• Long Range Interceptor (LRI): A 36-foot (11 m) high-speed launch that can be launched from the stern ramps of the larger Deepwater cutters.


• Aids to Navigation Boats (TANB/BUSL/ANB/ANB): Various designs ranging from 26 to 55 feet (7.9 to 16.8 m) used to maintain aids to navigation.


• Special Purpose Craft – Law Enforcement (SPC-LE): Intended to operate in support of specialized law enforcement missions, utilizing three 300 horsepower (220 kW) Mercury Marine engines. The SPC-LE is 33 feet (10 m) long and capable of speeds in excess of 50 knots (93 km/h; 58 mph) and operations more than 30 miles (48 km) from shore.


• Response Boat – Small (RB-S): A 25-foot (7.6 m) high-speed boat, for a variety of missions, including search and rescue, port security and law enforcement duties.


• Transportable Port Security Boat (TPSB): A 25-foot (7.6 m) well-armed boat used by Port Security Units for force protection.


• SPC-SW Special Purpose Craft, Shallow-water: 24 feet (7.3 m)^{[clarification needed]}


• Over-the-Horizon (OTH) boat: A 23-foot (7.0 m) rigid hull inflatable boat used by medium and high endurance cutters and specialized units.


• Short Range Prosecutor (SRP): A 23-foot (7.0 m) rigid hull inflatable boat that can be launched from a stern launching ramp on the National Security Cutters.

Aircraft[edit]

Coast Guard HC-144A Ocean Sentry (CASA CN-235-300 MP Persuader).

The Coast Guard operates approximately 201 fixed and rotary wing aircraft^[12] from 24 Coast Guard Air Stations throughout the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Most of these air stations are tenant activities at civilian airports, several of which are former Air Force Bases and Naval Air Stations, although several are also independent military facilities. Coast Guard Air Stations are also located on active Naval Air Stations, Air National Guard bases, and Army Air Fields.

Coast Guard aviators receive Primary (fixed-wing) and Advanced (fixed or rotary-wing) flight training with their Navy and Marine Corps counterparts at NAS Whiting Field, Florida, and NAS Corpus Christi, Texas, and are considered Naval Aviators. After receiving Naval Aviator Wings, Coast Guard pilots, with the exception of those slated to fly the HC-130, report to U.S. Coast Guard Aviation Training Center, Mobile, Alabama to receive 6–12 weeks of specialized training in the Coast Guard fleet aircraft they will operate. HC-130 pilots report to Little Rock AFB, Arkansas, for joint C-130 training under the auspices of the 314th Airlift Wing of the U.S. Air Force.

Fixed-wing aircraft operate from Air Stations on long-duration missions. Helicopters operate from Air Stations and can deploy on a number of different cutters. Helicopters can rescue people or intercept vessels smuggling migrants or narcotics. Since the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, the Coast Guard has developed a more prominent role in national security and now has armed helicopters operating in high-risk areas for the purpose of maritime law enforcement and anti-terrorism.

The Coast Guard is now developing an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) program that will utilize the MQ-9 Reaper platform for homeland security and search/rescue operations. To support this endeavor, the Coast Guard has partnered with the Navy and U.S. Customs and Border Protection to study existing/emerging unmanned aerial system (UAS) capabilities within their respective organizations. As these systems mature, research and operational experience gleaned from this joint effort will enable the Coast Guard to develop its own cutter and land-based UAS capabilities.

Fixed-wing aircraft[edit]

Rotary-wing aircraft[edit]

Fixed-wing VIP transport aircraft assigned to CGAS Washington D.C[edit]

Weapons[edit]

USCGC Gallatin test firing its Oto Melara 76 mm gun

USCGC Bertholf test firing its MK110 57mm gun

Naval guns[edit]

Most Coast Guard Cutters have one or more Naval gun systems installed. Including:

• The Oto Melara 76 mm a radar-guided computer controlled gun system that is used on both Medium and High Endurance Cutters. The 3 inch gun's high rate of fire and availability of specialized ammunition make it multi-purpose gun capable of anti-shipping, anti-aircraft, ground support and short-range anti-missile defense.

• The MK 110 57mm gun a radar-guided computer controlled variant of the Bofors 57 mm gun. It is used on the Legend-class cutter, also known as the National Security Cutter (NSC). It's a multi-purpose gun capable of anti-shipping, anti-aircraft, and short-range anti-missile defense. The stealth mount has a reduced radar profile. Also, the gun has a small radar mounted on the gun barrel to measure muzzle velocity for fire control purposes and can change ammunition types instantly due to a dual-feed system. It can also be operated/fired manually using a joystick and video camera (mounted on gun).

• The Mk 38 Mod 0 weapons system consists of an M242 Bushmaster 25mm chain gun and the Mk 88 Mod 0 machine gun mount. A manned system, it's gyro-stabilization compensates for the pitching deck. It provides ships with defensive and offensive gunfire capability for the engagement of a variety of surface targets. Designed primarily as a close-range defensive measure, it provides protection against patrol boats, floating mines, and various shore-based targets.

• The Mk 38 Mod 2 weapons system is a remotely operated Mk 38 with an Electronic Optical Sight, Laser Range-Finder, FLIR, a more reliable feeding system, all of which enhance the weapon systems capabilities and accuracy.

• The Phalanx CIWS (pronounced "sea-whiz") is a close-in weapon system for defense against aircraft and anti-ship missiles. it can also be used against a variety of surface targets. Consisting of a radar-guided 20 mm 6-barreled M61 Vulcan cannon mounted on a swiveling base. It's used on the Coast Guards High Endurance Cutters. This system can operate autonomously against airborne threats or may be manually operated with the use of Electronic Optical Sight, Laser Range-Finder and FLIR systems against surface targets.

Small arms and light weapons[edit]

The U.S. Coast Guard uses a wide variety of small arms and light weapons. Handguns, shotguns, and rifles are used to arm boat crew and boarding team members and machine guns are mounted aboard cutters, boats, and helicopters.

Small arms and light weapons arms include:

Symbols[edit]

Core values[edit]

The Coast Guard, like the other armed services of the United States, has a set of core values that serve as basic ethical guidelines for all Coast Guard active duty, reservists, auxiliarists, and civilians. The Coast Guard Core Values are:

Honor: Integrity is our standard. We demonstrate uncompromising ethical conduct and moral behavior in all of our personal actions. We are loyal and accountable to the public trust.
Respect: We value our diverse workforce. We treat each other with fairness, dignity, and compassion. We encourage individual opportunity and growth. We encourage creativity through empowerment. We work as a team.
Devotion to Duty: We are professionals, military and civilian, who seek responsibility, accept accountability, and are committed to the successful achievement of our organizational goals. We exist to serve. We serve with pride.

— Coast Guard Core Values^[72]

The Guardian Ethos[edit]

In 2008, the Coast Guard introduced the Guardian Ethos. As the Commandant, Admiral Allen noted in a message to all members of the Coast Guard: [The Ethos] "defines the essence of the Coast Guard," and is the "contract the Coast Guard and its members make with the nation and its citizens."^[73]

The Coast Guard Ethos[edit]

In an ALCOAST message effective 1 December 2011 the Commandant, Admiral Papp, directed that the language of Guardian Ethos be superseded by the Coast Guard Ethos in an effort to use terminology that would help with the identity of personnel serving in the Coast Guard.^[74] The term Coast Guardsman is the correct form of address used in Title 14 USC and is the form that has been used historically. This changed the line in the Guardian Ethos "I am a Guardian." to become "I am a Coast Guardsman."^[75]

The Ethos is:

I am a Coast Guardsman.
I serve the people of the United States.
I will protect them.
I will defend them.
I will save them.
I am their shield.
For them I am Semper Paratus.
I live the Coast Guard core values.
I am proud to be a Coast Guardsman.
We are the United States Coast Guard.

— The Coast Guard Ethos^[48]

Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman[edit]

The "Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman" was written by Vice Admiral Harry G. Hamlet, who served as Commandant of the Coast Guard from 1932 to 1936.^[76]

I am proud to be a United States Coast Guardsman.
I revere that long line of expert seamen who by their devotion to duty and sacrifice of self have made it possible for me to be a member of a service honored and respected, in peace and in war, throughout the world.
I never, by word or deed, will bring reproach upon the fair name of my service, nor permit others to do so unchallenged.
I will cheerfully and willingly obey all lawful orders.
I will always be on time to relieve, and shall endeavor to do more, rather than less, than my share.
I will always be at my station, alert and attending to my duties.
I shall, so far as I am able, bring to my seniors solutions, not problems.
I shall live joyously, but always with due regard for the rights and privileges of others.
I shall endeavor to be a model citizen in the community in which I live.
I shall sell life dearly to an enemy of my country, but give it freely to rescue those in peril.
With God's help, I shall endeavor to be one of His noblest Works...
A UNITED STATES COAST GUARDSMAN.

— Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman^[77]

"You have to go out, but you don't have to come back!"[edit]

This unofficial motto of the Coast Guard dates to an 1899 United States Lifesaving Service regulation, which states in part: "In attempting a rescue, ... he will not desist from his efforts until by actual trial, the impossibility of effecting a rescue is demonstrated. The statement of the keeper that he did not try to use the boat because the sea or surf was too heavy will not be accepted, unless attempts to launch it were actually made and failed."^[78]

Coast Guard Ensign[edit]

Ensign of the United States Coast Guard

Former Coast Guard Ensign, used from 1915 to 1953.

The Coast Guard Ensign (flag) was first flown by the Revenue Cutter Service in 1799 to distinguish revenue cutters from merchant ships. A 1 August 1799 order issued by Secretary of the Treasury, Oliver Wolcott, Jr. specified that the Ensign would be "sixteen perpendicular stripes (for the number of states in the United States at the time), alternate red and white, the union of the ensign to be the arms of the United States in a dark blue on a white field."^[79]

This ensign became familiar in American waters and served as the sign of authority for the Revenue Cutter Service until the early 20th century. The ensign was originally intended to be flown only on revenue cutters and boats connected with the Customs Service but over the years it was found flying atop custom houses as well, and the practice became a requirement in 1874. On 7 June 1910, President William Howard Taft issued an Executive Order adding an emblem to (or "defacing") the ensign flown by the Revenue cutters to distinguish it from what is now called the Customs Ensign flown from the custom houses. The emblem was changed to the official seal of the Coast Guard in 1927.^[80][81]

The purpose of the ensign is to allow ship captains to easily recognize those vessels having legal authority to stop and board them. It is flown only as a symbol of law enforcement authority and is never carried as a parade standard.^[82]

Coast Guard Standard[edit]

Parade Standard of the U.S. Coast Guard.

The Coast Guard Standard is used in parades and carries the battle honors of the Coast Guard. It was derived from the jack of the Coast Guard ensign which was flown by revenue cutters. The emblem is a blue eagle from the coat of arms of the United States on a white field. Above the eagle are the words "UNITED STATES COAST GUARD" below the eagle is the motto, "SEMPER PARATUS" and the inscription "1790."

Service Mark ("Racing Stripe")[edit]

Service Mark (also known as Racing Stripe).

The racing stripe is borne by Coast Guard cutters, aircraft, and many boats. First used and placed into official usage as of April 6, 1967, it consists of a narrow blue stripe, a narrow white stripe between, and a broad CG red bar with the Coast Guard shield centered.^[4][83] Red-hulled icebreaker cutters and most HH-65/MH-65 helicopters (i.e., those with a red fuselage) bear a narrow blue stripe, a narrow empty stripe the color of the fuselage (an implied red stripe), and broad white bar, with the Coast Guard shield centered. Conversely, black-hulled cutters (such as buoy tenders and inland construction tenders) use the standard racing stripe. Auxiliary vessels maintained by the Coast Guard also carry the Racing Stripe, but in inverted colors (i.e., broad blue stripe with narrow white and CG red stripes) and the Auxiliary shield.

The Racing Stripe, officially known as the Service Mark, was designed in 1964 by the industrial design office of Raymond Loewy Associates to give the Coast Guard a distinctive, modern image. Loewy had designed the colors for the Air Force One fleet for Jackie Kennedy. President Kennedy was so impressed with his work, he suggested that the entire Federal Government needed his make-over and suggested that he start with the Coast Guard.^[84][85] The stripes are canted at a 64 degree angle, coincidentally the year the Racing Stripe was designed.^[86]

Similar Racing Stripe designs have been adopted for the use of other coast guards and maritime authorities and many other law enforcement and rescue agencies.

Uniforms[edit]

Photo showing a variety of Coast Guard uniforms. From Left: Service Dress White, Tropical Blue, Service Dress Blue, Winter Dress Blue, Camouflage Utility Uniform, Operational Dress Uniform

Coast Guardsmen in 2013 wearing ODUs.

Prior to 1974, Coast Guard personnel wore essentially the same uniforms as the Navy (although some unique uniform items did exist) with distinctive Coast Guard insignia. These were minor, primarily consisting of distinctive cap devices for officers and chief petty officers, incorporation of the Coast Guard shield in lieu of line or staff corps insignia for officers, and different buttons on dress uniforms.

In 1974, the current Coast Guard Service Dress Blue "Bravo" uniform was introduced for wear by both officers and enlisted personnel; the transition was completed during 1974. The uniform consists of a blue four-pocket single breasted jacket and trousers, a light-blue button-up shirt with a pointed collar, two front button-flap pockets, and shoulder loops, along with a tie of the same shade as the jacket are worn with the uniform. Either the garrison cap or combination cap may be worn. Officer and enlisted rank insignia are sewn onto the jacket sleeve in the same manner as Navy uniforms.^[87]

A Coast Guard warrant officer (left) and officer (right) wearing Full Dress Whites.

The Service Dress Blue "Bravo" uniform may be worn year-round for business within the Coast Guard and for social occasions where the civilian equivalent is coat and tie.^[88]

The slightly more formal Service Dress Blue "Alpha" variant substitutes a white shirt for the blue, and mandates the combination cap. Enlisted personnel do not wear collar devices with the white shirt.

Full Dress Blue is essentially the same as Service Dress Blue "Alpha," except that it is worn with a full-size medals instead of ribbons. Additionally, a sword may be prescribed for officers, and white gloves may be required. A white belt may be worn for honor guards.

The Tropical Blue uniform, worn in warm weather, omits the jacket and tie, and features a short-sleeved, light blue shirt (identical to that worn by the U.S. Air Force) with rank insignia on shoulder boards for officers, and pin-on collar insignia for petty officers. The Tropical Blue uniform may be worn year-round for general office wear and for visits between commands. It may be worn in lieu of the SDB uniform, but not to functions where civilian dress is coat and tie.^[88]

Despite the transition to distinctive "Bender's blues" uniforms in the 1970s, some Navy-style dress uniforms were retained. The Service Dress White and Full Dress White "choker" uniforms for officers are identical to those worn by U.S. Navy officers (aside from service-specific buttons, insignia and sword design). These are typically used for formal parade and change-of-command ceremonies. For similar occasions the enlisted members wear Tropical Blue, Service Dress Blue or Full Dress Blue. The dinner dress uniforms worn for formal (black tie) evening ceremonies are also identical to those of the Navy, aside from Coast Guard-specific insignia. As in the Navy, these uniforms are required for officers, but optional for enlisted members. Due to the expense of these uniforms and the fact that they are rarely called-for, few junior enlisted members purchase them.

The current working uniform of the Coast Guard is the Operational Dress Uniform (ODU). The ODU may be worn year-round primarily as a field utility and watchstanding uniform, but may also be worn in an office environment where appropriate. The ODU is similar to the old-style Battle Dress Uniform previously worn by all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces, both in function and style. However, the ODU is in a solid dark blue with no camouflage pattern and does not have lower pockets on the blouse. The first generation ODU, in service from 2004 to 2012, was worn with the blouse tucked into the trousers. The second generation ODU is worn with the blouse untucked and has black Coast Guard insignia embroidered on the right breast pocket as well as the side pockets of the trousers. The ODU is worn with composite-toed boots in most circumstances, but low-cut brown boat shoes may be prescribed for certain vessel boarding operations. A standard baseball-style ball cap is worn, embroidered in gold block lettering with "U.S. Coast Guard." Units may also additionally authorize ball caps with the unit name embroidered for wear while on the unit. A foul weather parka is the outerwear worn with the ODU. The ODU's success and practicality as a working uniform has led the U.S. Public Health Service and the NOAA Corps to adopt ODU variants as standard working uniforms. Some Navy personnel also advocated adoption of the ODU as a standard shipboard uniform for the Navy, rather than the unpopular Navy Working Uniform Type I.

Coast Guard personnel serving in expeditionary combat units such as Port Security Units or Law Enforcement Detachments, and Coast Guard personnel deployed overseas (e.g. PATFORSWA) wear the Navy Working Uniform Type III with distinctive Coast Guard insignia, and generally follow Navy Uniform Regulations.

Coast Guard cadets wearing Full Dress Blue (B) uniform.

All Coast Guardsmen wear the combination cap with all uniforms except the ODU and CUU. Company commanders (the Coast Guard's equivalent of drill sergeants) at Training Center Cape May wear the traditional Smokey Bear-style campaign hat.

The Coast Guard Pipe Band, a special musical unit composed of active, reserve and auxiliary members, wears a modified form of highland dress, including kilt and sporran. It is, along with the Band of the Air Force Reserve Pipe Band, one of only two kilted units in the United States military, excluding those maintained by state defense forces and service academies. The band's kilt is patterned in the official U.S. Coast Guard tartan, which is registered with the Scottish Register of Tartans and based on the Hamilton tartan (in honor of the founder of the Revenue-Marine, Alexander Hamilton).^[89]

Cadets at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy wear standard Coast Guard uniforms, but also wear two different styles of parade dress uniforms, similar to those worn by Midshipmen at the U.S. Naval Academy. Full Dress Blue (B) consists of black blouses with banded collars and double rows of buttons, worn with matching black trousers and a white peaked hat. Full Dress Blue (A) substitutes white trousers in lieu of black.^[90]

Coast Guard Reserve[edit]

Seal of the United States Coast Guard Reserve

SPARS recruiting poster during World War II

The United States Coast Guard Reserve is the reserve military force of the Coast Guard.^[91] The Coast Guard Reserve was founded on 19 February 1941. The Coast Guard has 8700 reservists^[2] who normally drill two days a month and an additional 12 days of active duty each year, although many perform additional drill and active duty periods, to include those mobilized to extended active duty. Coast Guard reservists possess the same training and qualifications as their active duty counterparts, and as such, can be found augmenting active duty Coast Guard units every day.

During the Vietnam War and shortly thereafter, the Coast Guard considered abandoning the reserve program, but the force was instead reoriented into force augmentation, where its principal focus was not just reserve operations, but to add to the readiness and mission execution of every-day active duty personnel.

Since 11 September 2001, reservists have been activated and served on tours of active duty, to include deployments to the Persian Gulf and also as parts of Department of Defense combatant commands such as the U.S. Northern and Central Commands. Coast Guard Port Security Units are entirely staffed with reservists, except for five to seven active duty personnel. Additionally, most of the staffing the Coast Guard provides to the Navy Expeditionary Combat Command are reservists.

The Reserve is managed by the Director of Reserve and Military Personnel Directorate, Rear Admiral Kurt B. Hinrichs, USCGR.

Women in the Coast Guard[edit]

In 1918, twin sisters Genevieve and Lucille Baker of the Naval Coastal Defense Reserve became the first uniformed women to serve in the Coast Guard.^[92] Later, United States Coast Guard Women's Reserve (SPARS) was created on 23 November 1942 with the signing of Public Law 773 by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.^[93] The name is a contraction of the Coast Guard motto Semper Paratusmeaning "Always Ready" in Latin. The name also refers to a spar in nautical usage. Like the other women's reserves such as the Women's Army Corps and the WAVES, it was created to free men from stateside service in order to fight overseas. Its first director was Captain Dorothy C. Stratton who is credited with creating the name for the organization.^[94] The cutter USCGC Spar is named for the SPARS.

Coast Guard Auxiliary[edit]

Badge of the United States Coast Guard Auxiliary

The United States Coast Guard Auxiliary is the uniformed volunteer component of the Coast Guard, established on 23 June 1939 by an act of Congress as the United States Coast Guard Reserve, it was re-designated as the Auxiliary on 19 February 1941. It works within the Coast Guard in carrying out its noncombatant and non-law enforcement missions.^[95] Auxiliarists are subject to direction from the Commandant of the Coast Guard making them unique among all federal volunteers (e.g. Air Force's Civil Air Patrol and FBI's InfraGard); they are not a separate organization, but an integral part of the Coast Guard. As of 2018, there were approximately 24,000 members of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary.^[96]

The Coast Guard has assigned primary responsibility for many recreational boating safety tasks to the Auxiliary, including public boating safety education and voluntary Vessel Safety Checks (formerly called Courtesy Examinations).^[97] Additionally, Auxiliarists use their own vessels, boats, and aircraft (once registered as Coast Guard facilities) to conduct safety patrols, aid in search and rescue missions, and perform other tasks on behalf of the Coast Guard.

Prior to 1997, Auxiliarists were largely limited to activities supporting recreational boating safety. In 1997, however, new legislation authorized the Auxiliary to participate in any and all Coast Guard missions except direct military and direct law enforcement.^[98] Auxiliarists may directly augment active duty Coast Guard personnel in non-combat, non-law enforcement roles (e.g. radio communications watch stander, interpreter, cook, etc.) and may assist active duty personnel in inspecting commercial vessels and maintaining aids-to-navigation. Auxiliarists may support the law enforcement and homeland security missions of the Coast Guard but may not directly participate (make arrests, etc.), and Auxiliarists are not permitted to carry a weapon while serving in any Auxiliary capacity.

Deployable Operations Group[edit]

Seal of the United States Coast Guard Deployable Operations Group

The Deployable Operations Group (DOG) was a Coast Guard command established in July 2007. The DOG established a single command authority to rapidly provide the Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security, Department of Defense, Department of Justice and other interagency operational commanders adaptive force packages drawn from the Coast Guard's deployable specialized force units. The DOG was disestablished on 22 April 2013 and its deployable specialized forces (DSF) units were placed under the control of the Atlantic and Pacific Area Commanders.^[99]

The planning for the unit began after the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, and culminated with its formation on 20 July 2007. Its missions included maritime law enforcement, anti-terrorism, port security, pollution response, and diving operations.

There were over 25 specialized units within the Deployable Operations Group including the Maritime Security Response Team, Maritime Safety and Security Teams, Law Enforcement Detachments, Port Security Units, the National Strike Force, and Regional Dive Lockers. The DOG also managed Coast Guard personnel assigned to the Navy Expeditionary Combat Command and was involved in the selection of Coast Guard candidates to attend Navy BUD/S and serve with Navy SEAL Teams.^[100]

Medals and honors[edit]

One Coast Guardsman, Douglas Albert Munro, has earned the Medal of Honor, the highest military award of the United States.^[101] Fifty five Coast Guardsmen have earned the Navy Cross and numerous men and women have earned the Distinguished Flying Cross.

The highest peacetime decoration awarded within the Coast Guard is the Homeland Security Distinguished Service Medal; prior to the transfer of the Coast Guard to the Department of Homeland Security, the highest peacetime decoration was the Department of Transportation Distinguished Service Medal. The highest unit award available is the Presidential Unit Citation.

In wartime, members of the Coast Guard are eligible to receive the Navy version of the Medal of Honor. A Coast Guard Medal of Honor is authorized but has not yet been developed or issued.

In May 2006, at the Change of Command ceremony when Admiral Thad Allen took over as Commandant, President George W. Bush awarded the entire Coast Guard, including the Coast Guard Auxiliary, the Coast Guard Presidential Unit Citation with hurricane device, for its efforts during and after Hurricane Katrina and Tropical Storm Rita.

Notable Coast Guardsmen[edit]

Numerous celebrities have served in the Coast Guard including tennis player Jack Kramer, golfer Arnold Palmer, All Star baseball player Sid Gordon, boxer Jack Dempsey; musicians Kai Winding, Rudy Vallee,^[102]Derroll Adams, and Tom Waits; actors Buddy Ebsen, Sid Caesar, Victor Mature, Richard Cromwell, Alan Hale, Jr., William Hopper, Beau Bridges, Jeff Bridges, Cesar Romero; author Alex Haley; and Senator Claiborne Pell.

Vice Admiral Thad Allen in 2005 was named Principal Federal Officer to oversee recovery efforts in the Gulf Region after Hurricane Katrina. After promotion to Admiral, on the eve of his retirement as Commandant, Allen again received national visibility after being named National Incident Commander overseeing the response efforts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

Former Coast Guard officers have been appointed to numerous civilian government offices. After retiring as Commandant of the Coast Guard in 2002, Admiral James Loy went on to serve as administrator of the Transportation Security Administration and later as Deputy Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security. After their respective Coast Guard careers, Carlton Skinner served as the first Civilian Governor of Guam; G. William Miller, 65th Secretary of the Treasury, and retired Vice Admiral Harvey E. Johnson, Jr. served as Deputy Administrator and Chief Operating Officer of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) under President George W. Bush. Rear Admiral Stephen W. Rochon was appointed by President George W. Bush to serve as the Director of the Executive Residence and White House Chief Usher, beginning service on 12 March 2007, and continued to serve in the same capacity under President Barack Obama.

Two Coast Guard aviators, Commander Bruce E. Melnick and Captain Daniel C. Burbank, have served as NASA astronauts.

Signalman First Class Douglas Albert Munro was awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously, and is the only Coast Guardsman to ever receive this honor.^[101]

Organizations[edit]

Coast Guard Aviation Association[edit]

Those who have piloted or flown in Coast Guard aircraft under official flight orders may join the Coast Guard Aviation Association which was formerly known as the "Ancient Order of the Pterodactyl" ("Flying Since the World was Flat").

The Ancient Albatross Award is presented to the active duty USCG member who qualified as an aviator earlier than any other person who is still serving. Separate enlisted and officer awards are given.^[103][104]

Coast Guard CW Operators Association[edit]

The Coast Guard CW Operators Association (CGCWOA) is a membership organization comprising primarily former members of the United States Coast Guard who held the enlisted rating of Radioman (RM) or Telecommunications Specialist (TC), and who employed International Morse Code (CW) in their routine communications duties on Coast Guard cutters and at shore stations.^[105]

USCG Chief Petty Officers Association[edit]

Members of this organization unite to assist members and dependents in need, assist with Coast Guard recruiting efforts, support the aims and goals of the Coast Guard Chief Petty Officers Academy, keep informed on Coast Guard matters, and assemble for social amenities; and include Chief, Senior Chief, and Master Chief Petty Officers, active, reserve and retired. Membership is also open to all Chief Warrant Officers and Officers who have served as a Chief Petty Officer.^[106]

USCG Chief Warrant and Warrant Officers Association (CWOA)[edit]

Established in 1929, the Chief Warrant and Warrant Officers Association, United States Coast Guard (CWOA) represents Coast Guard warrant and chief warrant officers (active, reserve and retired) to the Congress, White House and the Department of Homeland Security. Additionally, the association communicates with the Coast Guard leadership on matters of concern to Coast Guard chief warrant officers.^[107]

In popular culture[edit]

The US Coast Guard maintains a Motion Picture and Television Office (MOPIC) in Hollywood, California, along with its sister services at the Department of Defense dedicated to enhancing public awareness and understanding of the Coast Guard, its people, and its missions through a cooperative effort with the entertainment industry.^[108][109]

In film[edit]

On television[edit]

The Coast Guard has been featured in several television series, including:

See also[edit]

Coast Guard[edit]

Related agencies[edit]

1. ^ Creation of the Revenue Marine occurred on August 4, 1790; 228 years ago (1790-08-04).
   


2. ^ Although the U.S. Navy lists its founding as 1775 with the formation of the Continental Navy, that service was disbanded in 1785 and the modern U.S. Navy in its present form was founded in 1794.
   


3. ^ The term Coast Guardsman is the official term used by the U.S. Coast Guard to refer to a member regardless of the person's gender. In an ALCOAST message effective 1 December 2011 the Commandant, Admiral Papp, directed that the language of the Guardian Ethos be superseded by the Coast Guard Ethos in an effort to use terminology that would help with the identity of personnel serving in the Coast Guard. The term Coast Guardsman is the correct form of address used in Title 14 USC and is the form that has been used historically.^[48]
   

References[edit]

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2. ^ ^{a b c d e} "United States Coast Guard > Our Organization > Workforce". uscg.mil. Retrieved 27 April 2018.^{[dead link]}
   


3. ^ ^{a b} William R. Benedetto (February 2006). Sailing Into the Abyss: A True Story of Extreme Heroism on the High Seas. Kensington Publishing Corporation. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-8065-2646-1. Retrieved 23 February 2015. Its sailors go by a handful of names, including coasties, shallow-water sailors, hooligans, rum-runners, the Guard, and, now, the Home Security guys.
   


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121. ^ Lagan, Christopher (January 10, 2011). "CGIS returns to NCIS". Coast Guard Compass.
     

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