1820 und 1821 Wahlen zum Repräsentantenhaus der Vereinigten Staaten

Wahlen zum Abgeordnetenhaus der Vereinigten Staaten für den 17. Kongress fanden in den verschiedenen Bundesstaaten zwischen dem 3. Juli 1820 (Louisiana) und dem 10. August 1821 (Tennessee) statt. In vier Bundesstaaten (Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi) fiel die Wahl mit der 4. Volkszählung zusammen (7. August 1820). Zukünftige Aufzählungen würden künftig zu einer anderen Jahreszeit stattfinden.

James Monroe gewann die Wiederwahl und die Ära der guten Gefühle, eine Periode nahezu vollständiger Dominanz der nationalen Politik durch die Demokratisch-Republikanische Partei, setzte sich nach diesem Feldzug fort. Allerdings verloren die Demokratischen Republikaner aufgrund der zunehmenden Unzufriedenheit in einigen östlichen Stadtgebieten einige Sitze. Die große Mehrheit der demokratisch-republikanischen Partei blieb jedoch intakt und die Föderalistische Partei begann sich zu zersplittern.

Wahlzusammenfassungen [ edit ]

Ein Sitz wurde während dieses Kongresses für den neuen Bundesstaat Missouri ^[1]

hinzugefügt ↓

155	32
Demokratisch-Republikanischer	Föderalistischer Staat (19659011)	Typ	↑ Datum	Insgesamt Sitze	Demokratisch-Republikaner		Federalist
Sitze	Änderung				Sitze	Änderung
Louisiana	At-large	3. - 5. Juli 1820	1	1	1	1	10	1	6	1	0	2	[b]	6	6	6	6	1	9	6	0	15	8	[c]	13 [d]	6	[e]	7	[e]
Maine [f]	Bezirke	7. November 1820 [g]	7	5	[h]	2	[h]
New Jersey	At-large	7. November 1820	6	6	21	2	7	8	1	12	1	5 [i]	0	[a]	187	155 82,9%	32 17.1%
Haussitze Demokratisch-Republikaner 82,89% Federalist 17,11%

Sonderwahlen [ edit 1820 und 1821 fanden Sonderwahlen zum 16. Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten und zum 17. Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten statt.

Sonderwahlen werden nach Datum und dann nach Distrikt sortiert.

16. Kongress [ edit ]

District	Amtsinhaber			Dieses Rennen
	Mitglied	Partei	Erstmals gewählt	Ergebnisse	Kandidaten
Virginia 17	James Pleasants	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1817	Der amtierende Amtsinhaber trat am 14. Dezember 1819 zurück, als er zum US-Senator gewählt wurde. Neues Mitglied gewählt am 3. Januar 1820 . [2] Demokratisch-Republikanischer Besitz Nachfolger am 18. Januar 1820. [19] 19659249] Der Nachfolger wurde später bei der Wahl im April 1821 für die nächste Amtszeit wiedergewählt (siehe unten).
New Jersey at-large	John Condit	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1818	Der amtierende Amtsinhaber trat am 4. November 1819 zurück, um Assistenzsammler des Hafens von New York zu werden. [3] Neues Mitglied gewählt am 2. Februar 1820 . Demokratisch-Republikaner. Nachfolger 16. Februar 1820. [3] Der Nachfolger war bei der Wahl am 7. November 1820 für die nächste Amtszeit kein Kandidat, siehe unten.
Virginia 10	George F. Strother	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1817	Der amtierende Amtsinhaber trat am 10. Februar 1820 zurück, um als Empfänger öffentlicher Gelder in St. Louis, Missouri, zu werden. Im August 1820 wurde ein neues Mitglied gewählt. [5] Democratic-Republican hold. Nachfolger am 13. November 1820. [3] Der Nachfolger wurde später bei der Wahl im April 1821 zur nächsten Amtszeit wiedergewählt (siehe unten).
Virginia 1	James Pindall	Federalist	1817	Amtsinhaber trat am 6. Juli 1820 zurück. Neues Mitglied gewählt irgendwann im Jahre 1820 . [6] Demokratisch-Republikanischer Gewinn . Nachfolger am 13. November 1820. [3] Der Nachfolger wurde später bei der Wahl im April 1821 für die nächste Amtszeit wiedergewählt (siehe unten).
Virginia 20	James Johnson	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1813	Der Amtsinhaber trat zurück, als er zum Zollsammler in Norfolk ernannt wurde. Neues Mitglied wurde gewählt irgendwann im Jahre 1820 . Demokratisch-Republikaner-Besitz Nachfolger am 13. November 1820. [3] ] Der Nachfolger verlor später die Wiederwahl bei der Wahl im April 1821 für die nächste Amtszeit, siehe unten.
Kentucky 9	Tunstall Quarles	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1816	Amtsinhaber trat am 15. Juni 1820 zurück. Neues Mitglied gewählt 7. August 1820 . Demokratisch-Republikanischer Einfluss. Nachfolger wurde auch in die nächste Amtszeit gewählt, siehe unten. Nachfolger am 13. November 1820. [3]
Kentucky 6	David Walker	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1816	Der Amtsinhaber starb am 1. März 1820. Neues Mitglied gewählt 7. August 1820 . Demokratisch-Republikanergriff. Nachfolger wurde ebenfalls in die nächste Amtszeit gewählt, siehe unten. Nachfolger am 13. November 1820. [3]
Massachusetts 13	Edward Dowse	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1818	Amtsinhaber trat zurück. Neues Mitglied gewählt 21. August 1820 . Demokratisch-Republikanischer Besitz. Nachfolger wurde später am 6. November 1820 in die nächste Amtszeit wiedergewählt siehe unten. Nachfolger am 13. November 1820. [3]
Pennsylvania 5	David Fullerton	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1818	Der amtierende Amtsinhaber trat am 15. Mai 1820 zurück. Neues Mitglied gewählt 10. Oktober 1820 . Föderalistischer Gewinn . [1945933]. Der Nachfolger war am selben Tag kein Kandidat für die nächste Amtszeit, siehe unten. Nachfolger am 13. November 1820. [3]
Massachusetts 1	Jonathan Mason	Federalist	1817 (Speziell)	Der amtierende Amtsinhaber trat am 15. Mai 1820 zurück, um seine Anwaltspraxis zu verfolgen. Neues Mitglied im zweiten Wahlgang gewählt 6. November 1820 . Demokratisch-Republikaner gewinnen . [j] Der Nachfolger wählte auch am selben Tag die nächste Amtszeit, siehe unten: Nachfolger am 27. November 1820. [3]	Erster Wahlgang (23. Oktober 1820) : Zweiter Wahlgang (6. November 1820) :
Maine at-large	John Holmes	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1816	Der Amtssitz des Amtsinhabers verlegte sich aus dem 14. Bezirk von Massachusetts (19459008), trat jedoch bei seiner Wahl als US-Senator zurück. Neues Mitglied gewählt am 7. November 1820 Federalist Gain . Nachfolger wählte auch am selben Tag im 1. Bezirk die nächste Amtszeit, siehe unten Nachfolger am 11. Dezember 1820. [3]
Massachusetts 8	Zabdiel Sampson	Demokratisch-Republikaner	1817	Der amtierende Amtsinhaber trat am 26. Juli 1820 zurück. Neues Mitglied gewählt 24. November 1820 im zweiten Wahlgang. Nachfolger am 18. Dezember 1820. [3] Der Nachfolger wurde bereits in den gewählt nächster Begriff siehe unten.	First ballot (October 16, 1820): Second ballot (November 24, 1820): √ Aaron Hobart (Democratic-Republican) 68.7% Scattering 31.3%
Pennsylvania 7	Joseph Hiester	Democratic-Republican	1798 1804 (Retired) 1814	Incumbent resigned in December 1820 when elected Governor of Pennsylvania. New member elected December 10, 1820. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor had not been a candidate in the October 10, 1820 election for the next term, see below. Successor seated January 8, 1821.[3]
North Carolina 4	Jesse Slocumb	Democratic-Republican	1817	Incumbent died December 20, 1820. New member elected February 7, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated February 7, 1821.[3] Successor later re-elected in the August 9, 1821 election to the next term, see below.

17th Congress[edit]

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kentucky 7	George Robertson	Democratic-Republican	1816	Incumbent resigned sometime before the start of the new Congress. New member elected August 6, 1821.[12] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 3, 1821.[13]
New Jersey at-large	John Linn	Democratic-Republican	1816	Incumbent died January 5, 1821. New member elected October 8, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 3, 1821.[13]
Ohio 4	John C. Wright	Democratic-Republican	1818	Incumbent member-elect declined to serve in the next term and resigned March 3, 1821. New member elected October 9, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 3, 1821.[13]
Pennsylvania 5	James Duncan	Democratic-Republican	1820	Incumbent resigned in April 1821. New member elected October 9, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 12, 1821.[13]
Pennsylvania 10	William Cox Ellis	Federalist	1820	Incumbent resigned July 20, 1821. New member elected October 9, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 12, 1821.[13]
New York 6	Selah Tuthill	Democratic-Republican	1821	Incumbent died September 7, 1821. New member elected November 6–8, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 3, 1821.[13]
South Carolina 9	John S. Richards	Democratic-Republican	1820	Member-elect declined to serve. New member elected sometime in 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 3, 1821.[13]
Kentucky 8	Wingfield Bullock	Democratic-Republican	1820	Incumbent died October 13, 1821. New member elected November 22, 1821.[16] Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated January 2, 1822.[13]

Alabama[edit]

Alabama elected its member August 5–6, 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Connecticut[edit]

Connecticut elected its members April 2, 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Delaware[edit]

Delaware elected its members October 3, 1820.

Georgia[edit]

Georgia elected its members October 2, 1820.

Illinois[edit]

Illinois elected its member August 7, 1820.

Indiana[edit]

Indiana elected its member August 7, 1820.

Kentucky[edit]

Kentucky elected its members August 7, 1820.

Louisiana[edit]

Louisiana elected its member July 3–5, 1820.

This was the first election in Maine since its separation from Massachusetts. In the previous election, Massachusetts had had 20 representatives. Seven seats (representing the 14th-20th districts) were reassigned from Massachusetts to Maine. In addition, under the terms of the law which admitted Maine to the union, any vacancies in the 16th Congress by Representatives elected to represent Massachusetts but residing in the new states of Maine would be filled by a resident of Maine.^[3]John Holmes, who had been elected to the House for the former 14th district of Massachusetts was elected as one of the first two senators for Maine. The vacancy was filled in a special election by Joseph Dane (Federalist). Dane was the only Representative officially considered as representing Maine in the 16th Congress. The Representatives from the 15th-20th districts were still classified as being from Massachusetts for the remainder of the 16th Congress.

Maine elected its members November 7, 1820. Maine law required a majority to win electionecessitating additional ballots if a majority was not received so additional ballots were held January 22, 1821 and September 10, 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Maryland[edit]

Maryland elected its members October 2, 1820.

Massachusetts[edit]

This was the first election in Massachusetts after the separation of the former District of Maine as the new State of Maine, taking the old 14th – 20th districts with it.

Massachusetts elected its members November 6, 1820. Massachusetts had a majority requirement for election, which was not met in the 2nd district necessitating two additional elections on January 8, 1821 and April 16, 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Mississippi[edit]

Mississippi elected its member August 7–8, 1820.

Missouri[edit]

Missouri was admitted to the union on August 10, 1821,^[13] but elections had been held August 28, 1820.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Missouri at-large	None (District created)			New seat. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain.

New Hampshire[edit]

New Hampshire elected its members August 18, 1820.

New Jersey[edit]

New Jersey elected its members November 7, 1820. There were an unusally large number of candidates, 119 candidates according to one contemporary newspaper.^[19] Some candidates ran under an "Anti-Caucus" ticket. Only 1 of the 6 six incumbents would serve in the next term, as 4 retired and 1 died after re-election.

New York[edit]

New York elected its members April 24–26, 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened. The 21st districtpreviously a plural district with two seats, was divided into two single-member districts for the 17th Congress, the 21st and 22nd.

The Democratic-Republican party in New York was divided between "Bucktails" and "Clintonians". The Clintonians ran on a joint ticket with the remaining Federalists. In a few cases, marked as "Clintonian/Federalist" below, it is unclear whether a candidate on the joint ticket was Democratic-Republican or Federalist.

Only five of the twenty-seven incumbents were re-elected to the next term. Sixteen incumbents retired and five lost re-election. Despite this high turnover of membership, there was only a one-seat net gain for the Federalists.

North Carolina[edit]

North Carolina elected its members August 9, 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Ohio elected its members October 10, 1820.

Pennsylvania[edit]

Pennsylvania elected its members October 10, 1820.

Rhode Island[edit]

Rhode Island elected its members August 29, 1820.

South Carolina[edit]

South Carolina elected its members October 9–10, 1820.

Tennessee[edit]

Tennessee elected its members August 9–10, 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Vermont[edit]

In 1820, Vermont returned to using districts. This would be the only election in which the 6th district would be used.

Vermont elected its members September 5, 1820. A majority was required for election, which was not met in the 2nd or 3rd district, requiring additional ballots to achieve a majority. The 2nd district required 7 ballots. The 3rd district required two additional ballots. The additional ballots were held December 11, 1820, and February 19, May 1, July 2, September 4, and October 22, 1821.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Vermont 1	Rollin Carolas Mallary Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic-Republican	1818	Incumbent re-elected.
Vermont 2	Mark Richards Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic-Republican	1816	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected on the seventh ballot. Democratic-Republican hold.	First ballot (September 5, 1820): Second ballot (December 11, 1820): Third ballot (February 19, 1821): Fourth ballot (May 1, 1821): Fifth ballot (July 2, 1821): Sixth ballot (September 4, 1821): Seventh ballot (October 22, 1821): √ Phineas White (Democratic-Republican) 49.9% Mark Richards (Democratic-Republican) 42.6% James Elliot (Federalist) 2.9% William Hall (Federalist) 1.6% Martin Field (Democratic-Republican) 1.2% Others 1.8%
Vermont 3	Charles Rich Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic-Republican	1812 1814 (Lost) 1816	Incumbent re-elected on the third ballot.	First ballot (September 5, 1820): Charles Rich (Democratic-Republican) 38.9% David Edmonds (Federalist) 27.9% Ezra Meech (Democratic-Republican) 17.0% Henry Olin (Democratic-Republican) 13.9% Others 2.3% Second ballot (December 11, 1820): Third ballot (February 19, 1821): √ Charles Rich (Democratic-Republican) 50.6% David Edmonds (Federalist) 41.2% Ezra Meech (Democratic-Republican) 8.2%
	Ezra Meech Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic-Republican	1818	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican loss.
Vermont 4	William Strong Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic-Republican	1810 1814 (Lost) 1818	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold.
Vermont 5	Samuel C. Crafts Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic-Republican	1816	Incumbent re-elected.
Vermont 6	None (District created)			New seat. New memebr elected. Democratic-Republican gain.

Virginia[edit]

Virginia elected its members in April 1821, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Non-voting delegates[edit]

There were four territories that had the right to send a delegate to at least part of the 17th Congress, only three of which actually sent delegates. Missouri Territory's seat remained vacant, as the territory was admitted as the State of Missouri early in the 17th Congress.

See also[edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c} Includes "late" elections held after the March 4 beginning of the term.
   


2. ^ Majority requirement for election which was not met in 2 districts requiring 6 additional elections held on December 11, 1820, February 19, May 1, July 2, September 4, and October 22, 1821.
   


3. ^ Majority requirement for election which was not met in 1 district requiring additional elections on January 8 and April 16, 1821.
   


4. ^ After seven districts were moved to the new state of Maine.
   


5. ^ ^{a b} Compared to districts 1-13 in 1818
   


6. ^ Previously part of Massachusetts.
   


7. ^ Majority requirement for election, which was not met in 3 districts requiring additional elections on January 22, 1821 and September 10, 1821.
   


8. ^ ^{a b} Compared to the districts comprising the former District of Maine (Former Massachusetts's 14th district through Massachusetts's 20th district
   


9. ^ Tennessee's 6th district remained vacant for the entirety of the 17th Congress.
   


10. ^ ^{a b c d e} Some sources cite Benjamin Gorham as a Federalist.
    


11. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r} Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data.
    


12. ^ In Maryland's 6th districtPhilip Reed later successfully contested the tie, claiming 7 votes for him that had not been counted,^[18] and was seated March 22, 1822.^[13]
    


13. ^ District numbers differed between source used and elsewhere on Wikipedia; district numbers used elsewhere on Wikipedia used here.
    


14. ^ ^{a b c d e} In New York's 1st districtthe winners were initially declared to be Silas Wood (Federalist) and Peter Sharpe (Democratic-Republican). Sharpe's election was challenged. Initial returns showed 3,339 votes for Cadwallader D. Colden (Federalist), with 395 for "Cadwallader Colden" and 220 for "Cadwallader D. Colder". After those votes were declared to be for Cadwallader D. Colden, he finished in 2nd place with 3,954 votes (27.1%), and thus received one of the two seats for that district in place of Sharpe. He was seated December 12, 1821.^[13]
    


15. ^ ^{a b c d} Based on incomplete returns
    


16. ^ John Sergeant was also supported by the Democratic-Republicans.
    


17. ^ ^{a b c} Changed parties
    


18. ^ Job Durfee received votes in many towns from Federalists.
    

References[edit]

1. ^ 3 Stat. 545
   


2. ^ ^{a b} "Virginia 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, District 17, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
   


3. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p} "Sixteenth Congress March 4, 1819, to March 3, 1821". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 23, 2019 – via History.house.gov.
   


4. ^ "New Jersey 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
   


5. ^ ^{a b} "Virginia 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, District 10, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
   


6. ^ ^{a b} "Virginia 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, District 1, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
   


7. ^ "Virginia 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, District 20, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
   


8. ^ ^{a b} Cox, Harold (January 6, 2007). "16th Congress 1819-1821" (PDF). Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006 The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.
   


9. ^ "Massachusetts 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, Suffolk District, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
   


10. ^ "Massachusetts 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, Suffolk District, Special, Ballot 2". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
    


11. ^ "Pennsylvania 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, District 7, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
    


12. ^ ^{a b} "Kentucky 1821 U.S. House of Representatives, District 7, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 17, 2019.
    


13. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} "Seventeenth Congress March 4, 1821, to March 3, 1823". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved February 4, 2019 – via History.house.gov.
    


14. ^ "Ohio 1821 U.S. House of Representatives, District 4, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
    


15. ^ ^{a b c} Cox, Harold (January 14, 2007). "17th Congress 1821-1823" (PDF). Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006 The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.
    


16. ^ ^{a b} "Kentucky 1821 U.S. House of Representatives, District 8, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 17, 2019.
    


17. ^ "Alabama 1821 U.S. House of Representatives". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
    


18. ^ "Maryland 1820 U.S. House of Representatives, District 6". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 18, 2019. (see footnotes 1,2, and 5)
    


19. ^ ^{a b} "New Jersey 1820 U.S. House of Representatives". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
    


20. ^ A New Nation Votes: RI 1820
    

Bibliography[edit]

• "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Retrieved January 17, 2015.


• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.


• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.


• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.


• Cox, Harold (January 14, 2007). "17th Congress 1821-1823" (PDF). Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006 The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.

External links[edit]